印心耕讀

しつぎょう　失業
unemployment.

・～する　lose one's work [job]; be (thrown) out of work; be unemployed.
失業給付　unemployment benefits.
失業者　a person out of employment; 《総称》 the unemployed.
失業対策　a relief measure for the unemployed; policies that address the unemployment problem.
失業手当　an unemployment allowance.
失業の輸出　export of unemployment.
失業保険　unemployment insurance.
失業問題　the unemployment problem.
失業率　the unemployment rate.
摩擦的失業　frictional unemployment.
季節的失業　seasonal unemployment.
自発的失業　voluntary unemployment.
完全失業　complete unemployment.
自然失業率　natural rate of unemployment.


ひきさげる　引き下げる
pull down; lower; 《後へ》put back; 《値段を》reduce; cut (down); bring down; 《訴えなどを》withdraw.


かため　固め
《防備》defense; 《警備》guard; 《誓約》a pledge; a promise.

・～に下ゆでする　《半ゆで》parboil.


ちょうせい　調整
regulation; adjustment; 《楽器の》tuning.

・～する　regulate; coordinate; iron out; adjust; tune (up).
調整インフレ　adjustment inflation.
調整器　《温度・圧力などの》 a governor; a regulator.
調整室　《放送》 a control room [booth].


そうごう　総合
putting together; synthesis.

・～的な　synthetic; composite; all-(a)round.
・～する　put together; synthesize.
総合エネルギー調査会　the Advisory Committee for Energy.
総合課税　taxation on aggregate income.
総合経済対策　comprehensive economic measures.
総合競技　all-(a)round games.
総合口座　an integrated bank account.
総合雑誌　an all-(a)round magazine.
総合商社　a general trading firm.
総合職　the managerial [career] track.
総合大学　a university.
総合デジタル通信網　Integrated Services Digital Network (略 ISDN).
総合病院　a general hospital.


たいさく　対策
a (counter)measure.

・～を講じる　take (counter)measures to meet [cope with] ((the situation)).
対策案　a guideline.
対策本部　task force.


もりこむ　盛り込む
incorporate ((one's idea in(to) the plan)).


みとおし　見通し
《見込み》a prospect; an outlook; 《洞察》an insight ((into)); 《予測》forecast.

・～のきかない曲がり角　a blind corner.
・経済の～が暗い　The economic outlook is discouraging.
・おまえの考えはお～だ　I can see what you're thinking.


こよう　雇用
employment; hiring.

・～する　employ; hire.
雇用機会均等法　the Equal Employment Opportunity Law.
雇用期間　a period of employment.
雇用指数　the employment index.
雇用条件　employment terms.
雇用創出　employment creation.
雇用調整　an employment adjustment.
雇用主　an employer.
雇用保険　unemployment insurance.
完全［終身］雇用制　a full [lifetime] employment system.
被雇用者　an employee.


ちんぎん　賃金
wages; pay.

・～を上げる［下げる］　raise [cut] wages.
・安い［高い］～で働く　work at low [high] wages.
・出来高払い［時間ぎめ］の～　piece [time] wages.
賃金一覧表　a wage scale.
賃金階層　a wage bracket.
賃金格差　wage differentials.
賃金カット　wage reduction.
賃金交渉　wage negotiations.
賃金構造　the wage structure.
賃金水準　the wage standard.
賃金相場　competitive wage rate.
賃金体系　a wage system.
賃金凍結　a wage freeze.
賃金引上げ［下げ］　a wage increase [cut].
基本賃金　a basic wage.
最低賃金　a minimum wage.


せっぱん　折半
折半する　divide into halves; halve; go fifty-fifty.


ひかく　比較
(a) comparison.

・～する　compare ((A with B)).
・～的　comparatively; relatively.
・…と～すれば　(as) compared with [to]….
・～にならない　《劣る》cannot compare ((with)); 《すぐれている》be beyond comparison.
比較級　【文】the comparative (degree).
比較研究　a comparative study.
比較広告　comparative advertising.
比較文学　comparative literature.


よじょう　余剰
a surplus.

余剰人員［労働力，金，価値，農産物］　surplus workers [labor, funds, value, farm products].


そなえ　備え
readiness ((for)); preparation(s); 《防備》defenses.

～あれば憂いなし　Prepare for the worst, and you'll have no regrets.


そなえる　備える
《備え付ける》provide [equip]; install; fit; 《能力》possess; have; be endowed; 《準備》prepare oneself ((for)); provide ((for, against))

・威厳を～　have dignity.
・万一に～　prepare for the worst.
・老後に～　provide for one's old age.


かだい　過大
・～な　excessive; 《誇大》exaggerated.
・～に　excessively; with exaggeration.
・～に言う　exaggerate.
・～評価する　overestimate; overvalue.


こうたい　後退
a setback; (a) retreat; 《景気の》a recession.

・～する　go back; retreat; 《船が》go astern.
・車を～させる　back a car up.
後退灯　《自動車の》 the reversing light.


はば　幅
(a) width; (a) breadth; 《範囲》(a) range.

・この道路の～はいくらありますか　How wide is this road?
・～が2フィートある　be 2 feet wide [in width].
・～の広い　wide; broad.
・～の狭い　narrow.
・～を広げる　widen; broaden.
・～をきかせる　use one's influence ((with)).
・～がきく　have a great influence ((over, with, in)).


ほうこう　方向
a direction. ⇒方角.

・～を転換する　change one's course.
・その～へ　in that direction.
方向音痴［感覚］　no sense [a sense] of direction.
方向舵　【航空】a vertical rudder.
方向探知器　a direction finder.
方向指示器　《自動車の》 a blinker; a (direction) indicator.


そうがく　総額
⇒総計.


こっこ　国庫
the (National) Treasury.

国庫収入　national revenues.
国庫負担金　government treasury charge.
国庫補助金　a state subsidy.


とうにゅう　投入
・～する　throw〈a thing〉into; invest ((capital)).


ねらう　狙う
(take) aim ((at)); 《銃で》aim one's gun ((at)); 《目をつける》have an eye ((on)); 《うかがう》watch ((for)); 《求める》be after ((a thing)).


しせい　姿勢
a posture [pose]; 《体つき》a figure; 《身のこなし》carriage; 《態度》an attitude; a stance.

・～が良い　have good posture.
・～が悪い　have poor posture.
・～を正す　straighten oneself; sit [stand] up straight.
・座った～で　in a sitting posture.
・前向きの～を取る　take a positive attitude ((toward)).
姿勢制御　《ロケットの》 posture control.


なんこう　難航
・～する　《航海が》have a rough voyage; 《事件が》get into a difficult situation; 《事がはかどらない》not go smoothly; face a rough going.